Skull-removing apparatus



` May 14., 192.9. Mm), NEMES 1,712,837

SKULL REMOVING APPARATUS Filed July 27, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 li il Patented May 14, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MIKE JULIAN NEMES, OF STEUBENVILLTE, OHIO, ASSGNOR OF ONE-THIRD' HAMILTON, OF STEUBENVILLE, OHIO.

TO W. A.

sKULLnnnMovING APPARATUS.

Application lcd July 27, 1928. Serial No. 295,790.

This invention relates broadly to devices tor removingl from ladies ot the cha acter employed as containers for molten metal the encrusted metal adhering to the bottom and walls which remains within the ladle following pouring of the molten metal from the latter.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a simple and efficient mechanism whereby removal from ladies of the therein contained partially-cooled encrusted metal, ordinarily termed the skull, vis expedi tiously effected.

In describing the invention in detail, reterence is herein had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of a ladle, showing in side elevation, the invention operativelyf, applied thereto;

Figure 2 is an end elevation of the invention;

Figure 3 is an enlarged horizontal section of the invention, taken longitudinally;

Figure 4 is a central longitudinal section on line 4--4, Fig. 3; and j Figure 5 is a cross section on line 5 5, Fig. 4.

Referring to said drawings, 1 designates the side Walls, 2 the end walls, 3 the top, and 4 the bottoni of a casing Within which are carried parts of the mechanism of the prescnt invention. i

Extending from end to end of said casing and occupying fixed positions on opposite sides of the axial line of said casing are two partition walls 5 which have journaled therein the opposite ends of two sets of top and bottom rollers, 6 and 7, respectively, which define horizontal paths of travel for two relatively reciprocable carriages 8, said carriages being disposed for horizontal movements between the top and bottom rollers 6 and 7. Each of the carriages 8 has removably secured` in a socket 9 provided therefor in the outer end thereof, as by means ot an attaching pin 10, a block 11 which carries on its outer end a spike 12 that projects outward through an opening 18 provided therefor in the adjacent end Wall 2 of the casing.

Extending transversely through cach carriage 8 and through longitudinal slots 14 provided therefor in the partition walls 5 is a bar 15 which has attached to each ot its ends the ends of one or more cables 1G which thence extend horizontally to and about pullcys 17 fixed on spindles 18, cach ot' which has one end journaled in a side wall 1 and the opposite end journalcd in the adjacent partition wall 5 adjacent to an end ot the casing, all of said cables thence extending upward and being attached to a common ring 19 adapted to be engaged by the carrying hook 20 of an overhead lifting crane. As shown in the drawings, the pulleys 17 are located between the side 'alls and the partition walls at points adjacent to the opposite ends of the easing so that, wlientension is placed on said cables, the carriages 8 will be actuated to travel in opposite directions for thrusting the thereby-carried spikes 12 in an outward direction.

Journaled on spindles 21 carried by each side wall 1 and the adjacent partition wall 5 at points approximately midway between the ends o t the casing are each of two pulleys 22 and 23, one thereof having passed thereunder a cable 24 which has its end attached to the adjacent end of one of the bars `15, and the other thereof having passed thereunder a cable 25 which has its end attached to an end of the other bar. Thus, as is obvious, tension placed on said cables 24 and 25 actuates said carriages 8 to move towards cach other and to retract the thereby carried spikes. Said cables 24 and 25 extend upwardly from their pulleys and have their upper ends attached to a ring 26 which, in turn, is connected by a short chain 27 to the ring or link 19.

The cables 24 and 25 remain slack when the cables 16 are being employed, and vice versa, said ring 26 being adapted to be engaged by the crane hook 20 when it is dcsired to retract, or to hold in retracted positions, the spike-carrying carriages 8.

In practice, when it is desired to remove a skull 28 from an open heart-h ladle 29, the structure hereinbetore described is lowered within the ladle to a seated position with the casing, the structure being suspended from the crane hook by means ot the cables 24 and 25, said hook then having the ring 2G engaged therewith. Duc to the weight irnposcd on said cables 24 and 25, the carriages then occupy their retracted positions with their spikes disposed in the positions shown in full lines in Fig. 1.`

Following seating of the casing at the bottom of the ladle, the ring 26 is detached from the crane hook. Then, when elevating forcev is applied, the cables 16' are placed under tension,-actuating the carriages S to travel outwardly in opposite directions into engagement with the portions oi' the skull QS which adhere to the side walls or' the ladle near the bottom of the latter. Continued elevating force so applied will serve to strip the skull from the ladle and to elevate said skull clear of the ladle.

' From the foregoing, it will be evident that the mechanism described is admirably adapted for effecting the'removal of skulls in the manner specified. y Moreover, it willvbe apparentthat various minor changes may be made in the-forms and arrangement of some of the parts; hence, l am not to be understood as limiting the scope oi the invention beyond'the plain intent of the terms of the appended claims.

What is claimed is- 1. A skull pulling mechanism comprising a casing, carriagesmounted ior reciprocatingl travel wit-hin said casing,spikes berne by said carriages andv adaptedl to be thereby projected outward and retracted through the ends of said-casing,pulleys located adjacent to the opposite ends of said casing, suspension cables passed around each of said pul leysand 'having their ends connected to the adjacent carriage whereby, when said cables areplaced unde'rtension, said carriages are actuated to move outwardly, pulleys located vmidway between the ends of said casing, and' suspension eables'passed around each oi' the last mentioned pulleys andhaving ends connected to -the opposite carriages whereby, when they are placed under tension, said carriages are retracted.

.2. A skull pulling mechanism comprising a'casing, carriages mounted for reciprocating travel within said casing, spikes borne by said carriages and adapted tov be Vthereby' projected outward and retracted through the ends of said casing, lrollers forming travel- Ways for said carriages, pulleys located adjacent to the oppositeends ofv said casing, suspension cables passed around each of said pulleys and having their ends connected to the vvadjacent; carriage whereby, when said cables are placed under tension, said carriages are actuated to move outwardly, pulleys located midway-between the ends Vof said easing, and suspension cables passed around each of the last mentionedpulleys and having ends connected to the opposite carriages whereby, .whenV they are placed under tension, said carriages `are retracted;

'3. A skull pulling mechanism comprising a casing, carriages mounted for reciprocatleys andl having their ends connected to the adjacentcarriage whereby, when said cables are placed under tension, said carriages are actuated to move outwardly, a ring to which the upper ends of said lables are connected and adapted to be received on a crane hook, pulleys ocated midway between the ends of said casing, a. suspension ring, suspension cables attached to said ring and passed around the last mentioned pulleys and having their ends connected to the opposite carriages whereby, when the last mentioned cables are placed under tension by applying their. suspension ring to a crane hook, said carriages are retracted. j

4. A skull pulling mechanism comprising a casing, carriages mounted for reciprocating` travel within said casing, spikes borne by said ca riages and adapted to be thereby projected outward and retracted through the ends of said casing, suspension means including pulleys and cables passed about said pulleys, said cables being attached to said carriages and adapted, when placed under tension, to advance said carriages in outward directions, anda second suspension meanscomprising pulleys and cables passed about said pulleys, the last mentioned cables being attached to said carriages and adapted, when placed under tension, to retract said carriages. Y

5. A skull pulling mechanism comprising a casing, carriages mounted for reciprocating travel within said casing, spikes borne by said carriages and adapted to be thereby projected outward and retracted through the ends of said casing, suspension means in` cluding pulleys and cables passed about said pulleys, said cables being attached to said carriages and adapted, when placed under tension, to advance said carriages in ont ward directions, a second suspension means MIKE JULIAN NEMES. 

